PowerShell 5.1 as shipped with Windows 10 and 11 includes versions 1.0.0.1 of PackageManagement and PowerShellGet this old version cannot install most modern modules, nor can it self update properly.
In most cases fixing this runs into numerous issues with conflicting versions or files in use. This script is an adaptation of a script by Chris Taylor which takes a different approach to downloading the modules, has a bit more error checking and further installs the new PSResourceGet module which is the replacement for PowerShellGet.
Nice and simple on this one, just run the script and it will do the rest. It does expect a close-to-vanilla install of Windows 10 or 11, so if you've been messing around with the default modules before running this script, it may not work as expected.
This post will hold detection scripts for any serious CVE vulnerability that we write detection scripts for in the future. It will be updated and added to as new vulnerability detection scripts are written.
This article relates to CVE-2022-41099 which is a vulnerability in the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) which could allow a successful attacker to bypass the BitLocker Device Encryption feature on the system storage device. An attacker with physical access to the target could exploit this vulnerability to gain access to encrypted data.
Fixed a Bug
Thanks to DTGBilly from the NinjaOne Users Discord for pointing out that in altogether far too many places I had typo'd the CVE as CVE-4022-41099 instead of CVE-2022-41099 🤦♂️ this included field names and labels so please check yours are correct as now shown in the post.
Parameters!
Since version 1.2.0 (2023-03-21) this script now requires one of two mandatory parameters.
If you are checking for the presence of the small "Safe OS Dynamic Update (SODU)" which is the minimum required change to mitigate the vulnerability use the -CheckPackage parameter and if required alter the -MountDirectory and -LogDirectory parameters (defaults to C:\RMM\WinRE).
If you are checking for the presence of the larger "Servicing Stack Update (SSU)" or "Dynamic Cumulative Update" which updates more than is required to mitigate the vulnerability, but may offer other benefits including new WinRE functionality or more reliable reset/restore behaviours use the -CheckImage parameter which checks the image build version.
If you were passing these in NinjaOne your parameter preset might look like this:
Before version 1.3.0 the script did not check if WinRE was enabled which could lead to confusing error output in the event WinRE was disabled. Now if you get the WinRE not enabled warning you are clear on why the script isn't executing.
A simple reagentc /enableshould enable WinRE or at least provide some useful troubleshooting output.
To create a custom field in NinjaOne go to Administration > Devices and select either Role Custom Fields or Global Custom Fields then select Add.
Role Custom Fields are custom fields that are specific to a device role.
Global Custom Fields are custom fields that are applicable to all devices and/or to a location and/or organisation
Make sure you add the fields to the roles you want to use them in at Administration > Devices > Roles (for role custom fields).
When you create your custom field you need to make sure that you set the Scripts permission to ensure that you can read or write to the field from your scripts - as appropriate for the script you're using.
We're adding one role custom field for devices with the Windows Desktop or Laptop and Windows Server roles, note that we've customised slightly the autogenerated machine name here, if you use the default adjust the field name in the script appropriately.
Field Label
Field Name
Field Type
Description
CVE-2022-41099
CVE202241099
Checkbox
Whether the device has a WinRE image vulnerable to CVE-2022-41099
We run this script daily and have a corresponding monitor setup to check CVE fields with a value of "Yes" and alert us if any are found. You'll find information on remediating this vulnerability in this followup post.
Concentus on the NinjaOne Users Discord for helping me run down and test different versions of Office to ensure this script was as accurate as possible.
Wisecompany on the One Man Band MSP Discord for reminding me to add an exit code and not overuse Write-Warning!
Thanks to KennyW on the MSPGeek Discord for helping find an error where certain versions were incorrectly detected as not vulnerable!
Thanks to Alkerayn on the NinjaOne Users Discord for helping find an error where certain channels were incorrectly detected as not vulnerable and identifying that we needed to first check the GPO-configured update channel!
Thanks to Tanner - MO on the MSPs R Us Discord for pointing out that version comparisons should all use -lt instead of -ne to ensure future compatibility / accuracy.
Thanks to DarrenWhite99 on the MSPGeek Discord for pointing out that the check for the GPO UpdateChannel was completely nonsensical and incompletely written.
Thanks to JSanz on the NinjaOne Users Discord for pointing out the GUID matching issue/bug.
Thanks to Jhn - TS on the NinjaOne Users Discord for discovering the issue with empty registry props causing the script to error.
This has only been tested against M365 Apps and Office 2021 VL versions "en masse" and only 64-bit office - if it doesn't work for you let me know on the NinjaOne Users Discord and I'll see what I can do to fix it!
security
This article relates to CVE-2023-23397 which is a vulnerability in Microsoft Outlook whereby an attacker could access a user's Net-NTLMv2 hash which could be used as a basis of an NTLM Relay attack against another service to authenticate as the user.
To create a custom field in NinjaOne go to Administration > Devices and select either Role Custom Fields or Global Custom Fields then select Add.
Role Custom Fields are custom fields that are specific to a device role.
Global Custom Fields are custom fields that are applicable to all devices and/or to a location and/or organisation
Make sure you add the fields to the roles you want to use them in at Administration > Devices > Roles (for role custom fields).
When you create your custom field you need to make sure that you set the Scripts permission to ensure that you can read or write to the field from your scripts - as appropriate for the script you're using.
We're adding one role custom field for devices with the Windows Desktop or Laptop role, note that we've customised slightly the autogenerated machine name here, if you use the default adjust the field name in the script appropriately.
Field Label
Field Name
Field Type
Description
CVE-2023-23397
CVE202323397
Checkbox
Whether the device has an Office or Microsoft 365 Apps version vulnerable to CVE-2023-23397.
We run this script daily and have a corresponding monitor setup to check CVE fields with a value of "Yes" and alert us if any are found. To remediate this vulnerability update Microsoft Office by running something like this:
This Script Was Updated
This script was updated after being published, if you're using it please compare the version you have with the version available here.
This update script will force restart Office apps - it should restore open files automatically but if you want a softer approach replace the Start-Process line with:
Start-Process-FilePath $C2RPath-ArgumentList '/update user forceappshutdown=true updatepromptuser=true'-Wait
Prejay on the MSPGeek Discord has helpfully suggested the following to update C2R Office builds without a user logged in or as system:
To create a custom field in NinjaOne go to Administration > Devices and select either Role Custom Fields or Global Custom Fields then select Add.
Role Custom Fields are custom fields that are specific to a device role.
Global Custom Fields are custom fields that are applicable to all devices and/or to a location and/or organisation
Make sure you add the fields to the roles you want to use them in at Administration > Devices > Roles (for role custom fields).
When you create your custom field you need to make sure that you set the Scripts permission to ensure that you can read or write to the field from your scripts - as appropriate for the script you're using.
We're adding one role custom field for devices with the Windows Desktop or Laptop role, note that we've customised slightly the autogenerated machine name here, if you use the default adjust the field name in the script appropriately.
Field Label
Field Name
Field Type
Description
CVE-2023-21554
CVE202321554
Checkbox
Whether the device has the MSMQ features installed and is missing the April 2023 Security Update.
We run this script daily and have a corresponding monitor setup to check CVE fields with a value of "Yes" and alert us if any are found. To remediate install the April 2023 Security Update.
This article relates to CVE-2023-35628 which is a vulnerability affecting Microsoft Outlook's email rendering system which could allow remote code execution.
To create a custom field in NinjaOne go to Administration > Devices and select either Role Custom Fields or Global Custom Fields then select Add.
Role Custom Fields are custom fields that are specific to a device role.
Global Custom Fields are custom fields that are applicable to all devices and/or to a location and/or organisation
Make sure you add the fields to the roles you want to use them in at Administration > Devices > Roles (for role custom fields).
When you create your custom field you need to make sure that you set the Scripts permission to ensure that you can read or write to the field from your scripts - as appropriate for the script you're using.
We're adding one role custom field for devices with the Windows Desktop or Laptop and/or Windows Server role, note that we've customised slightly the autogenerated machine name here, if you use the default adjust the field name in the script appropriately.
Thanks to Gavsto for stopping me doing down the rabbit hole of checking KB numbers by pointing out that it wouldn't be future proof once the next cumulative update was released!
Field Label
Field Name
Field Type
Description
CVE-2023-35628
CVE202335628
Checkbox
Whether the device is updated/patched for CVE-2023-35628.
We run this script daily and have a corresponding monitor setup to check CVE fields with a value of "Yes" and alert us if any are found. To remediate install the December 2023 Cumulative Update.
This article relates to CVE-2023-35628 which is a vulnerability affecting Microsoft Outlook's preview pane system which could allow remote code execution.
The updates include changes/corrections to the targetted versions - check your version please!
To create a custom field in NinjaOne go to Administration > Devices and select either Role Custom Fields or Global Custom Fields then select Add.
Role Custom Fields are custom fields that are specific to a device role.
Global Custom Fields are custom fields that are applicable to all devices and/or to a location and/or organisation
Make sure you add the fields to the roles you want to use them in at Administration > Devices > Roles (for role custom fields).
When you create your custom field you need to make sure that you set the Scripts permission to ensure that you can read or write to the field from your scripts - as appropriate for the script you're using.
We're adding one role custom field for devices with the Windows Desktop or Laptop and/or Windows Server role, note that we've customised slightly the autogenerated machine name here, if you use the default adjust the field name in the script appropriately.
Field Label
Field Name
Field Type
Description
CVE-2024-21413
CVE202421413
Checkbox
Whether the device is updated/patched for CVE-2024-21413.
We run this script daily and have a corresponding monitor setup to check CVE fields with a value of "Yes" and alert us if any are found. To remediate install the applicable Office / M365 Apps February 2024 Security Update.
This post and the WinRE patching script on Martin's blog at https://manima.de are the result of a collaboration between Martin and I to help mutually improve our various efforts towards patching CVE-2022-41099.
This article relates to CVE-2022-41099 which is a vulnerability in the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) which could allow a successful attacker to bypass the BitLocker Device Encryption feature on the system storage device. An attacker with physical access to the target could exploit this vulnerability to gain access to encrypted data.
If you're running Windows 10 or 11 you might have come across CVE-2022-41099 which is a vulnerability in the Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) which could allow a successful attacker to bypass BitLocker if they can boot the device to WinRE. This is a pretty serious vulnerability and Microsoft have released a patch for it. However, the patch is not applied automatically and you need to take action to apply it.
Martin Himken has written a script to patch the WinRE drivers and I've written a script to download and stage the patch and servicing stack update files. The link to Martin's blog is at the top of this post and will be repeated at the end.
This script takes a few parameters to control it's behaviour. Parameter documentation follows:
Parameter
Type
Description
PatchFolder
DirectoryInfo
The folder to download the patch files to. If not specified, C:\RMM\CVEs\2022-41099\ will be used.
All
Switch
If specified, the script will download the patch files for all supported versions and available architechtures of Windows 10 and 11. If not specified, the script will only download the patch files for the version of Windows that is running on the device.
-All
Using the -All parameter will download a lot of files and take a long time to complete. It is recommended that you only use this parameter if you are patching a large number of devices or want to prepare a cache to serve files from.
Downloading all files consumes roughly 4.9GB of disk space.
This new version of the script downloads the Safe OS Dynamic Update (SODU) files - these are tiny and designed only to patch the vulnerable components.
Safe OS Dynamic Update (SODU) version.
This Script Was Updated
This script was updated after being published, if you're using it please compare the version you have with the version available here.
Fix a bug on line 82 where a hashtable of architectures was attempted to be accessed using the Windows build number. Thanks to Sir Loin of House WinAdmins for spotting this. (Yes, it's a Game of Thrones reference. So original.)
This version of the script downloads the SSU and Dynamic Cumulative Update files - these are large and designed to update WinRE completely not just patch the vulnerability.
Servicing Stack Update (SSU) and Dynamic Cumulative Update (DCU) version.
Large Files
This script downloads the SSU and Dynamic Cumulative Update files - these are large and designed to update WinRE completely not just patch the vulnerability. This will require a lot of space both to download them (especially if using -All) and to apply them to WinRE.
This Script Was Updated
This script was updated after being published, if you're using it please compare the version you have with the version available here.
Fix a bug on line 82 where a hashtable of architectures was attempted to be accessed using the Windows build number. Thanks to Sir Loin of House WinAdmins for spotting this. (Yes, it's a Game of Thrones reference. So original.)
By popular request you can validate the fix using the principles in the script used for CVE detection.
Collaboration with Martin Himken
This post and the WinRE patching script on Martin's blog at https://manima.de are the result of a collaboration between Martin and I to help mutually improve our various efforts towards patching CVE-2022-41099.